克隆水稻产量相关新基因——水稻穗粒数相关基因（NOG1）

近日，Nature Communications在线发表中国农大孙传清和谭禄宾团队题为“NOG1 increases grain production in rice”研究论文，克隆了水稻穗粒数相关基因NUMBER OF GRAINS 1 (NOG1)，在水稻品种特青中过表达该基因可以提高产量达19.5%，并且不影响水稻其他农艺性状。

对该基因进一步分析表明，该基因编码烯酰-CoA水合酶/异构酶蛋白（enoyl-CoA hydratase/isomerase），其启动子区域的12 bp的插入可以增加NGO1基因的表达量进而增加穗粒数，研究还发现该基因参与调解茉莉酸水平及脂肪酸的β-氧化。

摘要：

During rice domestication and improvement, increasing grain yield to meet human needs was the primary objective. Rice grain yield is a quantitative trait determined by multiple genes, but the molecular basis for increased grain yield is still unclear. Here, we show that NUMBER OF GRAINS 1 (NOG1), which encodes an enoyl-CoA hydratase/isomerase, increases the grain yield of rice by enhancing grain number per panicle without a negative effect on the number of panicles per plant or grain weight. NOG1 can significantly increase the grain yield of commercial high-yield varieties: introduction ofNOG1increases the grain yield by 25.8% in the NOG1-deficient rice cultivar Zhonghua 17, and overexpression ofNOG1can further increase the grain yield by 19.5% in the NOG1-containing variety Teqing. Interestingly,NOG1plays a prominent role in increasing grain number, but does not change heading date or seed-setting rate. Our findings suggest thatNOG1could be used to increase rice production.

全文开放阅读：http://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-017-01501-8