Dynamics of selenium-mercury interaction under mercury stress in high and low selenium rice genotypes

Yue Zhang, Muhammad Zahir Ahsan , Dan Luo , Faiz Hussain Panhwar , Ling Li , Yang Su , Xiaomei Jia , Xiaoying Ye , Chen Rongjun, Li Lihua, Jianqing Zhu

Environmental and Experimental Botany,Volume 224, August 2024, 105822 (IF=5.7)

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0098847224001801

Abstract

Recent studies have demonstrated that selenium (Se) reduces the accumulation of heavy metals in rice tissues. However, the interaction between Se and mercury (Hg) in rice genotypes with high Se content remains to be further investigated. In this study, we used high Se genotypes Z2057B and Z5097B and low Se genotype Yuenong to explore the dynamics of Se and Hg in various tissues. The results showed that high Se genotypes, coupled with low concentrations of exogenously applied Se, significantly reduced the uptake of Hg in rice plants. The findings indicated the following order of Hg accumulation: Roots> third leaf > second leaf > first leaf > stem > grains. Observations revealed that both high Se genotypes and Se supplementation significantly restricted the majority of Hg concentration in roots and minimized its translocation to the aerial parts of the rice plant. In high Se genotypes subjected to mercury stress, MDA accumulation was significantly reduced, and SOD antioxidant activity was enhanced in stem and leaves at jointing, booting, heading, and maturity stages as compared to low Se genotypes. The application of 1.0 mg of Se per kg soil significantly improved the agronomic and physiological characteristics, reduced the Hg contents in aerial parts, and increased the Se contents in polished rice grains. Hence, the results lead to the conclusion that (i) cultivating high Se rice genotypes is a viable approach to decrease the Hg accumulation in rice grains and serves as a crucial strategy to fulfill daily Se requirements, particularly for populations suffering from Se deficiency (ii) supplementing ordinary rice with 1–3 mg kg−1 of Se can effectively reduce Hg accumulation and improve the quality of the grains.

Keywords: Mercury stress; High selenium rice; Selenium-mercury interaction; Organic selenium; Mercury exposure