The protective effect and mechanism of selenium-rich rice-based selenoproteins and sodium selenite against D-galactose-induced aging mice

Ling Li , Meilin Li ,Muhammad Zahir Ahsan ,Faiz Hussain Panhwar ,Zhang Yue ,Dan Luo ,Yang Su ,Xiaomei Jia ,Xiaoying Ye,Chen Rongjun ,Li Lihua ,Jianqing Zhu

Food Bioscience.Volume 62, December 2024, 105395(IF=4.8)

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2212429224018261

Abstract

Rice is among the world's top three food crops and is a staple food for more than half of the world's population. The body cannot directly synthesize selenium, and its deficiency causes different diseases, so consuming selenium-rich rice can supplement the body's selenium requirements. People are paying more attention to food health, and selenium-rich rice is gradually becoming part of people's vision. In this experiment, selenium-rich microcapsules were prepared using selenoproteins extracted from selenium-rich brown rice. These selenoprotein microcapsules demonstrated higher reducing and free radical scavenging ability than bovine serum albumin. In vitro experiments, selenoproteins microcapsules demonstrated 0.93% reducing capacity, 95% DPPH free radical ability, and 58% hydroxyl scavenging ability. Different selenoprotein microcapsules and sodium selenite doses were used to investigate their impact on D-galactose-injected aging mice. Selenoprotein microcapsules helped maintain body weight and alleviated the abnormally elevated organ coefficients. At the same time, a high dose of sodium selenite caused selenosis, organ congestion, edema, and hypertrophic hyperplasia. It was observed that 60 μg kg−1 selenoproteins had a good repairing impact on oxidative damage in the liver and kidneys, improved T-AOC, SOD, and GPx activity, and reduced MDA contents in all organs. In comparison, 100 μg kg−1 selenoproteins led to selenosis, and 30 μg kg−1 was less effective and insufficient in relieving aging effects in mice. The results showed that the proper selenium intake relieves oxidative and biological stress.

The study provides basic information about selenoproteins microcapsule preparation from selenium-enriched rice and its application in the health care system.

Keywords:Selenoproteins anti-aging effect; Microcapsulation; Selenium-rich rice